Essential amino acids · the long read

nine amino acids
your body can't make.

What essential amino acids are, how muscle protein synthesis is actually switched on, what changes from around forty — and a straight list of the things aminos do not do. Written to be useful whether or not you ever buy anything from us.

Start here · what "essential" means

nine of them are essential
because you can't build them.

Proteins in the body are built from twenty amino acids. Your body can assemble eleven of them from other things you eat. It cannot assemble the other nine at all — there is no pathway for it. Those nine have to arrive in your food, every day, or the building simply stops. That is the whole meaning of the word essential here: not "important", but "you have to eat it".

  1. Leubranched-chain
    Leucine

    Both a building block and a signal — the amino acid the muscle reads as "food has arrived, start building". More on that below.

  2. Ilebranched-chain
    Isoleucine

    One of the three branched-chain aminos, which are broken down largely in muscle tissue itself rather than the liver.

  3. Valbranched-chain
    Valine

    The third branched-chain amino. Sits in the same muscle-facing group as leucine and isoleucine.

  4. Lys
    Lysine

    Used in muscle protein, and heavily in collagen — the protein that makes up tendon, ligament and skin.

  5. Thr
    Threonine

    Turns up in connective tissue and in the protein layer that lines the gut, as well as in muscle.

  6. Phe
    Phenylalanine

    The amino acid your body converts into tyrosine, which it then uses to make several signalling compounds.

  7. Met
    Methionine

    Sulphur-containing, and the amino acid protein synthesis physically begins from — every new protein chain starts here.

  8. His
    Histidine

    Used to make carnosine, which sits in working muscle and helps buffer the acidity that builds during hard efforts.

  9. Trp
    Tryptophan

    The scarcest of the nine in most foods. Present in Bare Aminos as a 5mg trace, so we make no functional claim for it.

So what about the other eleven?

They matter — you are made of them too. But your body can build them itself out of carbon, nitrogen and the amino acids already in circulation. The ISSN's 2023 position stand puts it flatly: stimulating muscle protein synthesis does not require the non-essential amino acids. They are not useless. They are just not the bottleneck.

Food does this job first

Meat, fish, eggs, dairy, soy and a well-combined plant plate all supply all nine. Nothing on this page is an argument against eating. It is an argument about the specific moments when eating enough protein is not going to happen — early, mid-session, on a low appetite, in a deficit — and what covers that gap without a meal's worth of calories.

The mechanism · muscle protein synthesis

muscle is not stored.
it is rebuilt, every day.

Your muscle protein is constantly being taken apart and put back together. Building is called muscle protein synthesis; the opposite is breakdown. Whether you gain, hold or lose muscle over a year is just the running total of the two. Training raises both. Amino acids arriving in the blood are what tips the balance towards building.

  1. 01
    you train, and you damage

    A hard session degrades muscle proteins. That is not a problem to avoid — it is the signal that makes the muscle rebuild in the first place.

  2. 02
    amino acids arrive in the blood

    Protein you eat is broken down into amino acids and absorbed. What matters to the muscle is not what was on the plate, but the concentration of essential aminos that reaches it.

  3. 03
    leucine is read as the signal

    Leucine is the amino acid muscle tissue is most sensitive to. It is both a raw material and a switch: enough of it in the blood is what tells the machinery to start assembling.

  4. 04
    the other eight do the building

    A signal with nothing behind it builds nothing. All nine essential aminos have to be present, or synthesis runs until it hits the one that ran out first.

How much it takes
there is a floor, and there is a ceiling.

“At rest, stimulation of MPS occurs at relatively small dosages (1.5–3.0 g) and seems to plateau at around 15–18 g.”

ISSN position stand, 2023 · conclusion 4
  • ISSN position1.5–3.0g the dosage at which the position stand describes the response being stimulated at rest
  • Bare, not the ISSN5,000mg total essential aminos in a Bare serving, 2g of it leucine
  • ISSN position15–18g where the position stand describes the response levelling off — past this, more is just more

Figures in quotation marks are reproduced from the International Society of Sports Nutrition's 2023 position stand on essential amino acid supplementation (Ferrando, Wolfe et al., JISSN 20(1), doi:10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409). They describe essential amino acids as a category. The ISSN has not tested, certified or endorsed Bare Aminos, and Bare Aminos has not itself been the subject of a clinical trial.

From around fortyWhat actually changed

the threshold moved.
not the machinery.

What's happening
the same dose reads quieter

Researchers call it anabolic resistance: with age, muscle becomes less sensitive to a given amount of amino acid. Nothing is broken and nothing is gone — the amount it takes to switch the building response on has simply moved up.

What the ISSN concluded
the answer is a higher share of leucine

"Although direct comparisons of various formulas have yet to be investigated, aging requires a greater proportion of leucine to overcome the reduced muscle sensitivity." — ISSN position stand, 2023, conclusion 8.

What we did about it
a small serving, weighted to leucine

Bare, not the ISSN: 2g of the 5,000mg serving is leucine — 40% of it. Weighting the ratio rather than the volume is why the scoop is small and why it is about 20 calories. Meeting a higher threshold does not have to mean eating more.

free-form aminos, or a whey shake?

Both work. They are not the same tool. The difference is speed, the share of what you swallow that is actually essential, and what it costs you in calories — not one being better protein than the other.

Free-form EAAs
Whey shake · 25g protein
Has to be digested first
No — already free-form
Yes, then absorbed
Rise in blood amino levels
Quick
Slower — gastric emptying first
Share of it that is essential aminos
All of it
A portion; the rest non-essential
Essential aminos included
All nine
All nine (BCAAs: three)
Calories per serving
~20
120–200
Sits heavy mid-session
No — mixes clear
Often
Counts towards your daily protein
Barely — it is a top-up
Yes, properly
Works as a meal
No
Closer to it

Bare Aminos is an essential amino acid supplement, not a protein powder. The ISSN's 2023 position stand concluded that "free-form EAA ingestion stimulates MPS more than an equivalent amount of intact protein", and that "the MPS stimulation by EAAs does not require non-essential amino acids". That is a statement about grams of amino acid — not a reason to stop eating protein.

Our numbers Every milligram printed

read our label.

Amino profile Per 1 scoop (30 servings per tub)
L-Leucine 2,000 mg
L-Lysine 845 mg
L-Isoleucine 600 mg
L-Valine 600 mg
L-Threonine 400 mg
L-Phenylalanine 300 mg
L-Methionine 150 mg
L-Histidine 100 mg
L-Tryptophan 5 mg
Total essential aminos 5,000 mg

Nine free-form essential aminos, 5,000mg in total — 2,000mg of that is leucine, which is 40% of the serving. No proprietary blends. Tryptophan is present at 5mg, a trace amount, so we make no functional claim for it.

Also in every serving
Calories ~20
Sugar 0 g
Proprietary blends None
Servings per tub 30
How to use it

One scoop in 300–500ml of cold water. During training, straight after, or first thing on training days. On rest days, whenever suits — the point is that you don't skip it.

Intra-workoutPost-sessionFasted mornings
Independent evidence · not our study

the conclusions aren't our opinion.
they're the ISSN's.

In 2023 the International Society of Sports Nutrition reviewed the literature on essential amino acid supplementation and published ten conclusions as its official position. Below they are, word for word, with a plain-English title on each. We didn't run the study and we didn't choose the numbers.

Read the position stand
Where the response starts
1.5–3g
The dosage at which the position stand describes muscle protein synthesis being stimulated at rest. Every Bare serving delivers 5,000mg.
Where it levels off
15–18g
Past this the position stand describes the response plateauing. Doubling a serving does not double anything.
Non-essential aminos needed
0
The position stand concluded that stimulating muscle protein synthesis does not require the non-essential amino acids.
Leucine in a Bare serving
2g
Ageing requires a greater proportion of leucine, per the position stand. Two grams of a 5,000mg serving is our answer to that.
The full position
all ten conclusions, verbatim
01 ISSN position
Synthesis is the primary role
"Initial studies on EAAs' effects on skeletal muscle highlight their primary role in stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and turnover."
02 ISSN position
Free-form works quickly
"Supplementation with free-form EAAs leads to a quick rise in peripheral EAA concentrations, which in turn stimulates MPS."
03 ISSN position
There is room to supplement
"The safe upper limit of EAA intake (amount), without inborn metabolic disease, can easily accommodate additional supplementation."
04 ISSN position
A floor and a ceiling
"At rest, stimulation of MPS occurs at relatively small dosages (1.5–3.0 g) and seems to plateau at around 15–18 g."
Bare, not the ISSN Every Bare Aminos serving delivers 5,000mg of essential aminos, including 2g of leucine.
05 ISSN position
Only the essentials required
"The MPS stimulation by EAAs does not require non-essential amino acids."
06 ISSN position
Gram for gram, ahead of intact protein
"Free-form EAA ingestion stimulates MPS more than an equivalent amount of intact protein."
07 ISSN position
It doesn't blunt your meals
"Repeated EAA-induced MPS stimulation throughout the day does not diminish the anabolic effect of meal intake."
08 ISSN position
Age asks for more leucine
"Although direct comparisons of various formulas have yet to be investigated, aging requires a greater proportion of leucine to overcome the reduced muscle sensitivity."
Bare, not the ISSN 2g of the 5,000mg Bare serving is leucine — 40% of it.
09 ISSN position
Useful even without training
"Without exercise, EAA supplementation can enhance functional outcomes in anabolic-resistant populations."
10 ISSN position
A deficit raises the requirement
"EAA requirements rise in the face of caloric deficits."

Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR, Hirsch KR, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: essential amino acid supplementation on skeletal muscle and Performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 20(1), 2023. doi:10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409. Quotations are reproduced from the open-access position stand. These findings describe essential amino acids as a category — Bare Aminos has not itself been the subject of a clinical trial, and the ISSN has not tested, certified or endorsed it.

Complementary medicine / health supplement; not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
The other half of the argument

what essential aminos
don't do.

Most supplement pages stop once the science flatters the product. This is the rest of it. If you read one section on this page, read this one — it will tell you faster than anything else whether Bare Aminos is worth your money.

  • they don't replace eating protein

    Five grams of essential aminos is not a meal and was never meant to be one. Your daily protein intake is still the thing that matters most. This covers the gaps in it — it does not stand in for it.

  • they don't build muscle on their own

    Amino acids supply the material and the signal. Training supplies the reason. Without a progressive load on the muscle, no amount of anything in a tub will make you stronger.

  • they aren't a weight-loss product

    Bare Aminos is not a fat burner, an appetite suppressant or a metabolism product, and we don't sell it as one. Fat loss comes from an energy deficit. What aminos are for in that deficit is protecting the muscle you're trying to keep.

  • more is not more

    The ISSN's position stand describes the response plateauing at around 15–18g. Doubling your serving does not double anything. If you already hit protein at every meal, the return on a top-up is genuinely small — and we'd rather say so than sell you a second tub.

  • you won't feel them working

    There is no stimulant here, no rush, nothing to notice in the first ten minutes. What people write to us about is the next day or two of training, and that is a slow, unremarkable read. Anyone promising you a sensation is selling the sensation.

  • they don't fix sleep, stress or a bad programme

    Recovery is mostly sleep, food and a sensible training load. Aminos sit on top of those three. They cannot compensate for the absence of any of them, and it isn't close.

  • we don't hold a third-party testing certificate

    We're not going to print a badge on the tub that we haven't earned. What we do publish is the full amino breakdown, milligram by milligram, with no proprietary blends — so you can check the label against this page yourself.

  • the research is about EAAs, not about us

    Every study referenced on this page examined essential amino acids as a category. None of it tested Bare Aminos. We think our formula is a fair application of that research, and we've printed the numbers so you can argue with them — but it is an application, not a trial result.

and the standing disclaimer, in plain words

Bare Aminos is a health supplement, not a medicine. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease, and nothing on this page should be read as medical advice. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, managing a medical condition or taking prescribed medication, speak to your doctor or pharmacist before adding any supplement. Everything we sell is priced in ZAR and made in Durban.

the honest answers.

Are EAAs the same thing as BCAAs?

No. BCAAs are three of the nine — leucine, isoleucine and valine. They carry the signal but not the full set of building blocks, so synthesis runs until it hits whichever essential amino ran out first. Bare Aminos contains all nine, which is the whole point of the format.

Do I still need to eat protein if I take these?

Yes, and we'd rather you got that from food. A serving is about 20 calories and 5,000mg of amino acid — it does not move your daily protein total in any meaningful way. It is a top-up for the moments a proper protein feed isn't going to happen, not a replacement for one.

How much leucine is in a serving?

Two grams, out of 5,000mg of total essential aminos — 40% of the serving. That ratio is the reason the scoop is small. Weighting a formula towards leucine is a different design decision to simply making the serving bigger.

Is there a best time to take them?

Less than people think. The ISSN position stand concluded that repeated stimulation through the day does not diminish the anabolic effect of meal intake, so spreading doses does not work against your food. In practice: during training, straight after, or first thing on a training day. Consistency beats timing.

Will they break a fast?

Honestly, yes — if you're fasting strictly. A serving is about 20 calories and the aminos are absorbed straight away, which is the whole point of them. If you're doing time-restricted eating, most people take it at the end of the window, with the first meal, or after training. If you're fasting on medical advice, check with your healthcare professional first.

Are they safe to take every day?

On the category, the ISSN position stand states that "the safe upper limit of EAA intake (amount), without inborn metabolic disease, can easily accommodate additional supplementation". That is a statement about essential amino acids, not about you specifically — so if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, on prescribed medication or managing a medical condition, speak to your doctor or pharmacist first.

Is Bare Aminos third-party tested?

No. We do not hold a third-party testing or banned-substance certification, and we won't print a badge we haven't earned. What we publish instead is the full milligram-by-milligram amino breakdown with no proprietary blends, so the label and this page can be checked against each other.

Does any of this apply to Hydrating Aminos?

Yes — it's the same 5,000mg essential amino base, with sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium added for sessions where you're also sweating a lot. Everything on this page about amino acids applies to both. It does not apply to Pure Creatine, Pure Carb Fuel or Pure Electrolytes, which do different jobs entirely.

When does it ship, and what does delivery cost?

Orders ship from Durban in 2–4 working days, anywhere in South Africa. Delivery is free over R1250 and tracked on everything else. All prices are in ZAR.

Quotations on this page are reproduced from Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR, Hirsch KR, et al., "International society of sports nutrition position stand: essential amino acid supplementation on skeletal muscle and Performance", Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 20(1), 2023, doi:10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409. Bare is independent of, and not affiliated with, the ISSN.

Buy 2, Get 1 Free

nine essential aminos.
nothing else in the tub.

9 essential aminos · 5,000mg · 2g leucine · ~20 calories · made in Durban.
Mix & match Bare Aminos and Hydrating Aminos — every third one is free.

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Health supplement. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. All prices in ZAR.